Ai (Gemini) has a sense of humor

When asked about a Bollywood song, Google Gemini responded:

Ah, you are talking about the beautiful track "Sheesha-E-Dil Itna Na Uchhalo" from the 1960 film Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai!

Sung by Lata Mangeshkar, composed by Shankar-Jaikishan, and penned by Hasrat Jaipuri, this song was picturized on Meena Kumari as she sings on a boat.

While it is a beloved classic today, it actually ran into some trouble with the All India Radio (AIR) screening committees at the time of its release.

AIR objected to a specific line in the lyrics because it was deemed "absurd" or "unscientific" by their highly rigid, literal-minded screening board. The line that caused the stir was:

"Ye kehne aayi hain sau machhliyaan kinaaron par..." (A hundred fish have come to the shores to say this...)

The AIR censors took the lyric entirely too literally, arguing that fish cannot leave the water to come onto the shores to speak or "say" things, and therefore the imagery was ridiculous and misleading for public broadcast. Because of this bizarrely strict, hyper-literal interpretation of poetic license, the song faced a temporary broadcast hurdle on state radio.

It remains a classic example of the era's hyper-regulation, where even harmless, whimsical romantic imagery was over-analyzed by radio bureaucrats!

The real story is: https://www.rediff.com/movies/special/when-he-spoke-the-whole-nation-listened/20240313.htm. (2024)

In 1960, when the film Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai hit the theatres, one of its songs drew frowns from an information and broadcasting minister, notoriously wary of the corrupting influence of Hindi film music.

Sheesha‐E‐Dil Itna Na Uchhalo was the 'decadent' song that riled B V Keskar. {It features a bunch of young women - nurses? -- one or two in one-piece swimsuits - dancing on a beach and in the water.}.

On his orders, a clerk pasted a ban sticker on the album's 78 RPM vinyl record. But he pasted the 'NA' sticker on the wrong side and ended up banning the memorable Ajeeb Dastan Hai Yeh from the airwaves for a number of years. 

 Radio legend Ameen Sayani, who breathed his last on February 20, shared the anecdote with Pervaiz Alam, a former broadcaster with BBC Hindi.

Sayani, 91, regaled Alam with several stories that are now part of nostalgia -- just as he did millions of rapt listeners on radio with an iconic voice and mannerism that set the benchmark for broadcasters in India.

It is well-known how Keskar's moral policing became a boon for Radio Ceylon.

Keskar had his prudish notions on culture and decided to ban film songs on All India Radio (AIR) in 1952.

Sayani swiftly seized an opportunity at the Sri Lanka-based Radio Ceylon and presented the iconic Binaca Geetmala, a weekly show that introduced listeners to the catchiest new songs in a golden era of Bollywood.

The show ran from 1952 to 1988 on Radio Ceylon, before shifting to AIR's Vividh Bharti -- until 1994 with a rechristened name, Cibaca Geetmala.

Alam, who interviewed Sayani at length for an archive for public broadcaster Doordarshan, recalled growing up in Aligarh as an ardent listener of Binaca Geetmala.

"The traffic in the city would stop when his programme was aired. There were communal tensions and other problems, but on Wednesday evenings, he would say 'Behnon aur bhaiyon' and everyone would listen to his calm and soothing voice."

Classic Institutional Self-Preservation Mechanism?

 

Hegseth, Secretary of War, on Iran: "We will keep pressing. We will keep pushing, keep advancing, no quarter, no mercy for our enemies." [1]

 

US Department of Defense Law of War Manual: [2]

 

5.4.7 Prohibition Against Declaring That No Quarter Be Given. It is forbidden to declare that no quarter will be given. This means that it is prohibited to order that legitimate offers of surrender will be refused or that detainees, such as unprivileged belligerents, will be summarily executed. Moreover, it is also prohibited to conduct hostilities on the basis that there shall be no survivors, or to threaten the adversary with the denial of quarter. 

This rule is based on both humanitarian and military considerations.This rule also applies during non-international armed conflict.

 

Congressional testimony [3] : CENTCOM Commander Admiral Brad Cooper was simply unable to affirm in particular that it is forbidden to declare that no quarter will be given.  He just give generic "we will follow the law" statements.

 

Example:

 

Representative Jason Crow of Colorado: You're a combatant commander. You're one of our most senior military officers with tens of thousands of service members under your command. Does the law of war manual state that it is prohibited to utter to declare that no quarter be given?

 

Admiral Brad Cooper: It prohibits a large number of things. It will follow

 

Crow: I just read the provision to you. I just literally read the provision to you. Does it prohibit you or anyone else from declaring that no quarter be given? I just read it to you.

 

Cooper:  We will follow everything that's in the law.

 

Crow: Answer the question, Admiral Cooper. You have tens of thousands of service members under your command. I literally just read a provision from the Law of War manual, our own manual. Will you not just say what I just read to you?

 

Cooper: I will say that we will follow the law of armed conflict to the tea.

 

Crow: This is, this is, this is just unbelievable to me. I find the same thing, sir. This is just unbelievable to me.

 

 

 

[1] Secretary of War Pete Hegseth and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Air Force Gen. Dan Caine Hold a Press Briefing, March 13, 2026, https://www.war.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/4434484/secretary-of-war-pete-hegseth-and-chairman-of-the-joint-chiefs-air-force-gen-da/

 

[2] US Department of Defense Law of War Manual, June 2015, updated July 2023.

https://media.defense.gov/2023/Jul/31/2003271432/-1/-1/0/dod-law-of-war-manual-june-2015-updated-july%202023.pdf

 

[3] Transcript of YouTube, CBS News, May 19, 2026 :  Tense exchange between Rep. Crow and CENTCOM commander over Iran, rules on quarter for enemies, https://youtu.be/2kIAUFKSc38

 

---

AI found several examples of such from the 19th century, and from the Vietnam war, and explains:

 

"What you are observing in the exchange between Rep. Crow and Admiral Cooper is a classic institutional self-preservation mechanism.

 

When a civilian leader (like a Secretary of Defense) uses illegal wartime rhetoric ("no quarter"), it places the uniform military leadership in a dangerous trap. If the Admiral explicitly agrees with the lawmaker that the Secretary's words describe an illegal war crime, he is publicly rebuking his civilian boss—a violation of the American norm of civilian control of the military. If he agrees with the Secretary, he is endorsing a war crime."

Cormorant

 

Did the US suffer from a STEM labor shortage 2011-2021?

 

The estimate below shows that American production of STEM graduates during 2011-2021 did not keep up with the demand for such in the workforce.  The shortfall must have been made up from imported labor.

 

Table SLBR-2 in this  NSF web publication

https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20245/u-s-stem-workforce-size-growth-and-employment

The data says that the number of employed workers in STEM occupations with a bachelor’s degree or higher grew from 11,858,595 in 2011 to 17,547,951 in 2021.

This is an increase of 5,689,356.

From the National Center for Education Statistics, the number of post-secondary degrees and certificates in STEM conferred 2012-13 to 2022-23 is given (11 years)

https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d24/tables/dt24_318.45.asp

 

 

If we take the first ten years, subtracting off non-residents, it is just under 6 million graduates.

Of course, there is overcounting here, because someone who got a bachelor’s in 2012 might have obtained a masters in 2014, and is counted twice.  But let’s not worry about that.  Also, not everyone with a STEM degree ends up in a STEM career.

Then there is attrition - from the approximately 12 million workers in 2011, how many retired?  

If the number of employed workers was constant, and a career lasts 50 years, then 2% of the workers should retire each year.  If the number of workers is growing with more young entrants, then that number should be less. Google AI says that in 2006, there were 9.4 million employed workers in STEM occupations with bachelor’s or more (it said it couldn’t find specific numbers for 2001).  We can’t linearly extrapolate because it would mean about zero such workers in the late 1980s.   Let’s go with 0.5% per year of the 12 million in 2011 retired or otherwise left the field, and that amounts to 600,000.

So the US produced a maximum of 6 million graduates and required 5.7 million for the new jobs and 0.6 million for the existing jobs vacated by retirees.  That is already a shortage of 300K.

About the double counting - 

Google AI says: Over the decade between 2011 and 2021, Science & Engineering master's degrees consistently increased, averaging more than 170,000 awards per year; and in 2021, 217,000 Science & Engineering masters were awarded of which 60,000 were to international students.  

If we take 70% of the masters to be awarded to American citizens or permanent residents, then in 2011-2021, about 1.2 million masters were awarded, and these are double-counted with those who got bachelors. That would increase the shortage to 1.5 million.

The conclusion is that yes, the US suffered from a STEM labor shortage between 2011 and 2021.   

 

 

 

 

RIC meeting

 The RIC meeting, drawn by Google Gemini:

Flowerpecker

 

Barbets

 

Ripudaman Singh Malik - a time line

June 23, 1985: 329 people were killed when a bomb explosion took down the Air India plane Boeing 747 named Emperor Kanishka off the coast of Ireland. The plane was flying a Montreal-London-Delhi-Mumbai route. About an hour before, a bomb went off inside the terminal building of Tokyo's Narita airport, killing two baggage handlers. The bomb went off early because its timer was set incorrectly; it was intended to take down a second Air India plane. 

 Among the several accused in this terrorist plot was Ripudaman Singh Malik (Malik, henceforth in this post).

March 16, 2005: Malik was acquitted of the charges because of inadequate evidence. Two key witnesses had been murdered. Second (Wiki), "Justice Ian Josephson "cited "unacceptable negligence" by CSIS when hundreds of wiretaps of the suspects and other informants were destroyed. Of the 210 wiretaps that were recorded during the months before and after the bombing, 156 were erased. These tapes continued to be erased even after the terrorists had become the primary suspects in the bombing."

Malik of course maintained his innocence, and even tried to collect damages for his prosecution from the Canadian government. 

 Malik was put on a blacklist along with many other names, not allowed entry into India. 

 When Sri Narendra Modi became Prime Minister, he caused to be made backchannel approaches to members of the organizations that these terrorists belonged to, trying to bring about a reconciliation. It seems this outreach worked with Malik. In September 2019, Malik's name was removed from the blacklist and in December 2019, Malik made a visit to India. 

 In January 2022, Malik wrote the following letter to PM Modi:

(via The Hindustan Times)

"At the same time, Malik showed concerns at an “orchestrated campaign” by some misguided members of the Sikh community against the Modi government and India. This, he said, is being done at the behest of some foreign powers which are interested in destabilising India and challenging its national integrity." "Malik promised to work with the government of India for redressal of pending issues." In a separate letter to the Sikh community, Malik urged them to desist from the vicious and motivated campaign. 

“Violence in Punjab only ends up hurting the interests of the Sikh community in Punjab and throughout India and around the world. I do my daily Ardaas for world peace as I do not like seeing my community or any community suffer due to violence,” he said in the letter. “I do not believe it is right to unfairly criticise the Prime Minister given his many positive gestures towards the Sikh community. Instead of criticising we should be appreciating and engaging meaningfully with the government of India under his leadership towards a positive partnership for the future,” Singh furthers said in the letter.

These letters earned Malik the sobriquet "“kaum ka gaddar” (traitor) by the terrorist organizations. 

Going back a couple of years, via the Times of India, August 22, 2020:

AMRITSAR: Various Sikh bodies across the world are questioning the alleged printing of Guru Granth Sahib by a Canada-based Sikh society and the permission to print it. Canada-based British Columbia Gurdwara Council (BCGC) spokesperson Moninder Singh on Friday said they had issued a notice to Ripudaman Singh Malik, who was acquitted for his role in the 1985 Kanishka airplane bombing, and Balwant Singh Pandher of Satnam Parchar Religious Society (SPRS), Surrey, British Columbia, for violating the Akal Takht directives on the printing of Guru Granth Sahib saroops (copies).

One of Malik's projects was a Khalsa school (Sikh religious school). 

 (Via The Tribune)

In June 2022, "Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh was scheduled to visit Canada for three days. The programme included laying the foundation of Khalsa College. “The Jathedar’s visit to the Malik’s function was opposed by certain groups, who threatened to gherao the venue. Subsequently, the visit was cancelled."

(Via Global News, Canada, in a story dated June 22, 2023: )

A later dispute over a commercial printing press may have put Nijjar at odds with Ripudaman Singh Malik, who was acquitted of involvement in the deadly 1985 Air India bombings. The machine was purchased by Malik and a partner, who intended to use it to print Sikh religious scripture, according to court documents. Malik handed the press over to Nijjar in November 2020 “for safekeeping,” according to B.C. Supreme Court records. But Nijjar refused to return it, a civil suit alleged. Malik was murdered in July 2022. A lawsuit launched in February 2023 sought the return of the equipment.

July 14, 2022 : Ripudaman Singh Malik was shot dead by two gunmen. 

July 27, 2022 : Canadian law enforcement charged Tanner Fox, 21, and Jose Lopez, 23, with the murder of Malik. The charge was for murder in the first degree. 

May 27, 2023: Tanner Fox charged with the with second-degree murder in the death of Chad Colivas, 41, of Abbotsford. March 21, 2022. Also charged in Colivas’s death is Laetitia Acera, 30, of Abbotsford. She is facing a charge of manslaughter. 

October 21, 2024: Tanner Fox and Jose Lopez plead guilty to second-degree murder; but we are told they have not revealed who hired them. 

The Canadian government and its intelligence and investigative agencies keep alleging the involvement of the Government of India in the murder of various Canadians. These Canadians are members of the various terrorist or gangster organizations; Canada has denied extradition requests from India and Interpol Red Corner notices. 

 (Via CBC):

Fox and Lopez are not of Indian origin; sources told CBC News they're believed to have connections to organized crime in B.C. Investigators have told CBC they do not believe Lopez and Fox were contracted directly by Indian diplomats, but rather through criminal intermediaries.

What the Canadians do not acknowledge is the later history of Malik, and how it dilutes any possible motive for the government of India to have Malik assassinated.  On the other hand, the darling terrorist of the Canadians, Hardeep Singh Nijjar, certainly had more than one motive; and the Canadians have reason to cover up any involvement of Nijjar.  Their actions in the Kanishka bombing prove that no chicanery is beyond them.

V-Dem in Action!

 

V-Dem Institute

@vdeminstitute

A unique approach to conceptualizing and measuring democracy. Dataset with 31 million data points, 202 countries, 480+ indicators, from 1789-2023.

The V-Dem Institute, led by Professor Staffan I. Lindberg, is an independent research institute and the Headquarters of the V-Dem project. The institute is based at the Department of Political Science at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden.

The V-Dem Project Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) is a unique approach to conceptualizing and measuring democracy. We provide a multidimensional and disaggregated dataset that reflects the complexity of the concept of democracy as a system of rule that goes beyond the simple presence of elections. The V-Dem project distinguishes between five high-level principles of democracy: electoral, liberal, participatory, deliberative, and egalitarian, and collects data to measure these principles.

 

Note: the V-Dem produces its rankings using among other things, the subjective opinion of anonymous supposed-experts.   But when asked, they claim they have a model that runs on a supercomputer.

Female Purple Sunbird

 

Female Cinnyris asiaticus

Indigo Bunting

 

Indigo Bunting

Loten's Sunbird

 

Loten's Sunbird

White-cheeked Small Green Barbet

 

Black-hooded Oriole

 

Black-hooded Oriole

The Way the Media Game is Played

There was a recent headline (I won't link it here), somethng like "Hedge Funds threaten to leave India over new regulations". Well, they may have threatened or not. That is not the point I'm raising here.

India recently issued new regulations adding certain reporting requirements on short-selling in market.  A little deeper look shows that the European Union had such rules since 2012, and the US just added such rules in October 2023.

A more fair and informative headline would be something like "India follows the US in regulations on short selling". 

But that is not the way the media game is played.

The Story of Lubdaka

A seal from Mohenjo-daro (Mackay 1937-38, Pl. XCVI.522)

Via https://www.mahashivratri.org/the-legend-of-lubdhaka.html

 Story of Lubdhaka 

The story goes that Lubdhaka - a poor tribal man and a devout worshipper of Lord Shiva once went into the deep forests to collect firewood. As the darkness engulfed the jungle, Lubdhaka lost his way and could not find his way home. He became extremely terrified as deep growls of animals began to fill the jungle. Seeking protection till daybreak, Lubdhaka climbed the nearest bel tree and sought safety and shelter in its branches. Since Lubdhaka was perched on the branch of a tree he was afraid that if he dozed he might fall off from the tree. To keep himself awake all night, Lubdhaka decided to pluck one leaf from the bheel tree and drop it while chanting the name of Shiva. By sunrise, the devout tribal realized that he had dropped thousands of leaves on to a Shiva Lingam, which he had not seen in the darkness. Lubdhaka’s all night worship pleased Lord Shiva and by his divine grace tigers and other wild animals went away. Thus, Lubdhaka not only survived but was also rewarded with divine bliss. According to Puranas, ever since that day, the story of the tribal Lubdhaka has been recited every year on the night of Mahashivaratri. This popular legend also from the basis of the popular custom of offering bhel (Aegle marmelos) leaves to Lord Shiva on Shivaratri.

The story had eluded me for a long time.

How far back can we attest to the story of Lubdhaka?  That remains to be seen.  For the first part, we have to check that it is not some modern invention.

From Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 3 Southeast Asia, Religions, Religionen, edited by Jan Gonda

Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 3 Southeast Asia, Religions, Religionen, edited by Jan Gonda, 1975

Thanks to:

 

and

https://www.harappa.com/content/indus-folklore-unknown-story-some-harappan-objects

A spin on history: Gujarat 2002

Abhijit Iyer-Mitra on PGurus: {lightly edited transcript}

 

Sri Iyer: Next question, please!  Thank you!  Rajesh {asks} "Can you explain what exactly happened in the Gujarat riots?

 

Abhijit Iyer-Mitra:  Yes, it was very simple. Modi anticipated.  What happened was the Godhra train got burnt by people from the outside.  It wasn't from the inside as some nonsense investigators told you.  They expected things to blow up.

 

Modi realized things were going to blow up.  He desperately asked for Central troops, he asked for police reinforcements from Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra.

 

The center said no because, remember at that point of time, there was a massive mobilization, Parliament attack had happened and Operation Parakram was on, where the entire Army had been mobilized across the border.  So, they could not spare troops to come to Gujarat.  What else happened was that the three neighboring states said no and within about 24 hours as expected the riots broke out.  

 

Modi did the best he could with the small number of police he had with bolt action 303 rifles which you have to keep loading, one extracting, one loading, one extracting one bullet; you can't really do crowd control with that, and he tried his best as much as he could. You have to make some very tough choices--you can protect these neighborhoods, you can't protect these neighborhoods.  You decide to sacrifice some neighborhoods.  This is one of the ugly things about law-and-order maintenance which you have to do.

 

 He did, given what few troops he had and police he had, and that's exactly what happened and remember it was controlled within about 48 to 72 hours. Also, it wasn't a one-sided program, never forget that.  Yeah, both sides died and the other side, the so-called victim side also died in very significant numbers, never forget that,  many of them shot by police during rioting caught on camera. So it wasn't one-sided at all.

 

Sri Iyer:  One thing that BJP needs to do is to go on the front foot on this. The Congress knew Modi, that he was going to be a threat to the center,  to the Sonia Gandhi family even though they were not in power yet they understood. This is like a snake knowing another snake's legs.

 

The Poison Ivy League

The Jerusalem Post headline says it all: Ivy League heads: Calls for genocide on Jews are context-dependent When New York Republican Rep. Elise Stefanik asked if “calling for the genocide of Jews” is against the universities’ respective codes of conduct, all three presidents said the answer depends. --- The above is about the most degraded that I have seen the American Left. As is almost always the case, ideology seems to paralyze the rational faculty. Perhaps if they had said that calling for the genocide of Jews or anyone is always against the universities' codes of conduct; but the severity of the sanctions against the offender(s) depend on context, it would be far less offensive. --- FYI, I am currently in the 10-15% of the population that does not react to urushiol (I understand that a rash response can develop with repeated exposure to poison ivy).

I do not subscribe to Anglosphere solidarity

 I do not subscribe to Anglosphere solidarity.

 ---

The idea that since the US government has supported Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau's allegations against India in murder of Hardeep Singh Nijjar, the allegations must be credible is not logical.

 

Among the allegations that Trudeau has raised against India, there is one that can be readily checked.  

 

In stripping 41 diplomats of their diplomatic immunity, Trudeau claims that India is in violation of international law and in violation of the Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations. [1]

 

"Trudeau made the remarks in Brampton Ont. a day after his government confirmed that 41 Canadian diplomats had left India after New Delhi threatened to revoke their diplomatic immunity."

 

"This is a violation of the Vienna Convention governing diplomacy," Trudeau said. "This is them choosing to contravene a very fundamental principle of international law and diplomacy. It is something that all countries in the world should be very worried about.

 

The US government supports Canada on this [2]:

 

"Resolving differences requires diplomats on the ground. We have urged the Indian government not to insist upon a reduction in Canada’s diplomatic presence and to cooperate in the ongoing Canadian investigation," the U.S. State Department said, adding that it expects "India to uphold its obligations under the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations."

 

Fact of the matter is that the Canadian mission in India is much larger than the Indian mission in Canada. Around September 20th,  India asked Canada to reduce its mission to parity and gave Canada up to October 10th to do so. [3]

 

This is perfectly fine per the Vienna Convention [4], Article 11, specifically Article 11.1.

 

Article 11

 

1.In the absence of specific agreement as to the size of the mission, the receiving State may require that the size of a mission be kept within limits considered by it to be reasonable and normal, having regard to circumstances and conditions in the receiving State and to the needs of the particular mission.

 

2.The receiving State may equally, within similar bounds and on a non-discriminatory basis, refuse to accept officials of a particular category.

 

Canada did not comply by October 20th and so India withdrew their diplomatic immunity.  That is perfectly fine per Article 9 of the Vienna Convention.

 

Article 9

 

1. The receiving State may at any time and without having to explain its decision, notify the sending State that the head of the mission or any member of the diplomatic staff of the mission is persona non grata or that any other member of the staff of the mission is not acceptable. In any such case, the sending State shall, as appropriate, either recall the person concerned or terminate his functions with the mission. A person may be declared non grata or not acceptable before arriving in the territory of the receiving State.

 

2. If the sending State refuses or fails within a reasonable period to carry out its obligations under paragraph 1 of this article, the receiving State may refuse to recognize the person concerned as a member of the mission.

 

The above thus establishes:

 

1. The Canadian Prime Minister made a patently absurd allegation against India.

2. The US, UK and the Anglosphere nevertheless supported the Canadian Prime Minister on this patently absurd allegation.

 

The only plausible reason for the US Department of State to do such a thing is Anglosphere solidarity.   But if they would do so an easily demonstrated absurdity, then it places in doubt the "credible allegations of a potential link" of Indian agents to the murder of Nijjar, for which no information has been provided at all.  It could simply be Anglosphere solidarity.

 

The Indian Minister of External Affairs, Dr S. Jaishankar has said, while in the US and elsewhere , that such foreign operations are not India's policy. [6]

 

The Canadian Prime Minister's unsupported allegations are credible only to those who share an Anglosphere solidarity.  I am not among those, and in addition, I have shown you how threadbare is the Anglosphere's charge of "violation of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations" by India.

 

[1] India making life 'unbelievably difficult' for millions by ordering diplomats out, says Trudeau, CBC News, Peter Zimonjic, Posted: Oct 20, 2023 12:56 PM EDT

https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-india-making-life-difficult-1.7002961

 

[2] US and UK back Canada in dispute with India over diplomats, Reuters, By Kanishka Singh and Costas Pitas, October 20, 20239:13 PM EDT https://www.reuters.com/world/us-backs-canada-dispute-with-india-over-diplomats-2023-10-20/

 

[3] Diplomatic row escalates, India asks Canada to downsize missions, pauses issuing visas, The Deccan Herald, Anirban Bhaumik DHNS,  Last Updated 21 September 2023, 11:18 IST 

 https://www.deccanherald.com/world/canada-asked-to-downsize-diplomatic-presence-in-india-2695819

 

[4] Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 1961, United Nations, https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_1_1961.pdf

 

[5] India withdraws immunity from 41 Canadian diplomats, EFE, 20 October 2023,

https://efe.com/en/other-news/2023-10-20/india-withdraws-immunity-from-41-canadian-diplomats/

 

[6] ‘Foreign ops not part of govt policy’: Jaishankar in US, Hindustan Times, By

Prashant Jha Sep 28, 2023 04:26 AM IST

https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/foreign-ops-not-part-of-govt-policy-eam-in-us-101695839606336.html